The huge luminosity, the redshift distribution extending at least up to z~10 and the association with the explosive death of very massive stars make long GRBs extremely powerful probes for investigating the early Universe (pop-III stars, cosmic re-ionization, SFR and metallicity evolution up to the “cosmic dawn”) and measuring cosmological parameters. At the same time, as demonstrated by the...
The Fermi Bubbles are giant, gamma-ray emitting lobes emanating from the nucleus of the Milky Way discovered in ~1-100 GeV data collected by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. Previous work has revealed substructure within the Fermi Bubbles that has been interpreted as a signature of collimated outflows from the Galaxy's super-massive black hole. In this talk, I will show that much of the...
The binary stellar system Eta Carinae is one of very few established astrophysical hadron accelerators and one of only two colliding wind binary systems detected in the gamma-ray regime. At the shocks in the wind collision region, particles are accelerated beyond TeV energies. It seems likely that at least some fraction of the accelerated particles escape from the system. Copious target...
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have long been a promising candidate for neutrino emission, with different theoretical models predicting neutrino fluxes across a large range of energies. While correlations between GRBs and neutrinos have yet to be found, GRB 221009A is an exceptionally interesting target for neutrino searches. As the brightest GRB ever observed and the first with >10 TeV photons, GRB...
The creation of anti-nuclei in the Galaxy has been has been discussed as a possible signal of exotic production mechanisms such as primordial black hole evaporation or dark matter decay/annihilation, in addition to the conventional production from cosmic-ray (CR) interactions. Tentative observations of CR antihelium by the AMS-02 collaboration have re-energized the quest to use antinuclei to...
LISA, the space-based gravitational wave detector, is due to fly in the mid 2030s. An entire new frequency range will be opened up for discovering gravitational wave sources, including intermediate and extreme mass ratio black hole binaries which will remain in band for up to weeks, months or even years. This offers an exciting new avenue for fundamental physics discoveries because the...
Interest in primordial black holes (PBHs) has spiked since the first detection of gravitational waves, and a few mass windows remain in which PBHs may still make up an appreciable part of dark matter. In a matter dominated universe, e.g. in the case of a first-order QCD phase transition, PBH production is enhanced and PBHs may have large dimensionless spins. We investigate the re-entry and...
Very compact stars seem to be forbidden in General Relativity. While Buchdahl's theorem sets an upper bound on compactness, further no-go results rely on the existence of two light rings, the inner of which is associated to gravitational instabilities. However, little is known about the role of QFT in these strong gravity regimes. We show that the renormalized stress tensor for CFTs diverges...
The absence of dark matter signals in direct detection experiments and collider searches has prompted interest in models in which dark matter belongs to a hidden sector minimally coupled to the Standard Model. In these scenarios, a long-lived massive particle might come to dominate the energy density of the early universe temporarily, causing an early matter-dominated era (EMDE) prior to the...
According to the current experimental data, the Higgs vacuum appears to be metastable due to the development of a second lower ground state in its potential. Consequently, vacuum decay would induce the nucleation of true vacuum bubbles with catastrophic consequences for our Universe and therefore we are motivated to study possible stabilising mechanisms in the early universe. In our latest...
In dark matter detection experiments, Xenon tanks are being used to find traces of dark matter particles that are hypothesised to crisscross the universe. For such detection to succeed, the Xenon in the tanks has to be clean. But what is clean? In this context, it means that no background mimics the signs of dark matter particles, and when there are no electronegativities that might erase such...
